Ligatura, Dnipropetrovsk region.

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Copper-based ligatures can be conditionally divided into several groups:
• Ligatures forgrinding grain copper alloys. This group is represented by such effective ligatures for grain grinding in pure copper, brasses and bronzes as: copper-boron (CuB), copper-aluminum-boron (CuAlB), copper-zirconium (CuZr), copper-titanium (CuTi) and in some cases copper-iron (CuFe). The introduction of these ligatures leads to an improvement in the mechanical properties of copper alloys.(//tractor-service.com)
• Ligatures for changing (correcting) the chemical composition of copper alloys. This group includes a wide range of copper-based ligatures for priming (correction) of the chemical composition in the production of alloys, for example, copper-manganese (CuMn), copper-aluminum (CuAl), copper-silicon (CuSi) and copper-iron (CuFe) ligatures.
• Ligatures for special purposes. This group includes ligatures for improving certain physical or mechanical properties of copper alloys, in addition, separately presented ligatures for deoxidization of copper alloys, for example: copper-magnesium (CuMg), copper-lithium (CuLi), copper-calcium (CuCa) and copper-phosphorus (CuP).

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