Top-5 used combine harvesters for a farmer
The secondary combine harvester market will function as long as there is a demand for used combine harvesters. If the vast majority of large agricultural holdings use new and powerful combines, then it is economically more profitable for a farmer, especially a beginner, to purchase a used combine harvester with which he can harvest in his own fields and, if possible, provide services to his neighbors.
Let's take a closer look at the design features of the Top 5 used grain harvesters preferred by domestic farmers.
John Deere
John Deere series T550 in operation (photo from the website www.deere.ua)
Among Ukrainian farmers, on the market of used combines, T 550 grain harvesters manufactured by the companyJohn Deer are very popular. They are equipped with a multi-drum, threshing and separation system. Such a system ensures a smooth flow of bread mass, thereby reducing grain damage and power consumption for threshing and separation. Combine harvesters T 550 are equipped with grainharvesters width 4.3; 5.5 and 6.1 meters.
John Deere T550 combine harvester in operation (photo from the website www.deere.ua)
T 550 combines are equipped with economical 6-cylinder PowerTech engines with a double turbocharger with a working volume of 6.8 liters, which develop a power of 290 hp. When the frequency drops as the load increases during harvesting, the engine power increases. This well-known feature of the additional power of John Deere machines ensures harvesting without stopping in conditions of short-term overloads.
Thanks to the additional transverse separator of the rotary type, the separation of the bread mass has been significantly improved. Unlike the existing multi-drum threshing systems, this system has a much larger total area of sub-drums (threshing drum and separator), which is 3.36 m.2. In combine harvesters T 550, the diameter of the threshing drum is 660 mm, the width of the threshing machine is 1400 mm, and the angle of the drumming girth is 168°. This is the largest area of active separation on the market. The frame of the cleaning system is light because it is made of aluminum.
T 550 harvesters have the largest zone of active separation. It is so large that the separation system with a five-key straw shaker (straw shaker area 7.3 m2) is not inferior to most standard systems with a six-key straw shaker. The bread mass enters the thresher with a large angle of the drumming girth. After careful first threshing, the grain moves without bends or sudden changes in direction, which minimizes the risk of jamming or damage to the grain or straw.
Scheme for combine T550 from the manufacturer's website www.deere.ua
The cleaning system of combine harvesters T 550 is ideal for high-yielding crops. It has a high throughput and provides effective cleaning of grain from chaff and straw. The augers of the conveyor easily process a large volume of pile, ensuring uniform loading of the sieves for further efficient cleaning. Fans create a strong, constant flow of air in two directions to remove fine straw and chaff.
The crop residue management system spreads chaff and straw using the same shredder. The chaff is blown together with the chopped straw and spread evenly, thanks to which a uniform layer of chopped remains is created. The grain hopper has a volume of 8,000 liters.
T 550 combine harvesters are among the most popular on the secondary market due to their high reliability and durability. The threshing system has also proven itself excellently, thanks to which the T 550 harvests well in conditions of high humidity and excessive soiling of crops.
CLAAS
For domestic farmers on the secondary market of combine harvesters, TUCANO 320 combines manufactured by the companyCLAAS are very popular, which effectively combine many of the qualities inherent in highly efficient harvesting machines. These harvesters are the first to combine the capabilities of mid-range machines with high-performance VARIO headers, the minimum width of which is 4.95 m. The reel of the headers has a hydraulic drive. VARIO, мінімальна ширина захвату яких становить 4,95 м. Мотовило жаток має гідрооб’ємний привод.
CLAAS TUCANO 320 combine (photo from the website specs.lectura.ru)
From the inclined chamber, the grain-straw mass falls on accelerator drum, which is located in front of the threshing drum. Significant acceleration of grain mass flow from 3 m/s to 20 m/s ensures maximum efficiency of all subsequent processes. Thanks to the pre-accelerator, the plant mass is distributed more efficiently.
The flow of the plant mass becomes more uniform and moves 33% faster. More efficient grain separation occurs due to increased centrifugal force. Thanks to this, up to 25% of all grains are separated already on the front deck, located under the accelerator, which significantly reduces the load on the main deck.
The width of the thresher of TUCANO 320 combines is 1320 mm. The diameter of the threshing drum is 450 mm, and its revolutions vary between 650 and 1500 rpm. The three-dimensional grain cleaning system guarantees stable productivity even in cases where the side slope of the field reaches 20%. To harvest crops whose grain is easily damaged, the revolutions of the threshing drum can be reduced to 280 rpm. And the drum itself is made in such a way that it allows you to easily replace its main parts. This is especially well observed when it comes to harvesting such crops as corn, peas, beans, soybeans, grass seeds, etc.
The large angle of the drum girth - 151° contributes to the fact that up to 30% of all grains are separated on the drum, which significantly reduces the load on the separation system.
Separation of the grain heap (separation of grain and chaff from straw) takes place on a 5-key four-cascade straw shaker with a length of 4.4 m. The total area of the straw shaker is 5.8 m², and the total area of separation is almost 6.8 m². cleaning of the grain from the remaining impurities takes place on a two-stage sieve, the total area of the sieves is 4.25 m². After cleaning, the grain is transported by elevator to the grain hopper, the capacity of which is 6,500 liters.
Six-cylinder diesel engines manufactured by DaimlerChrysler OM 906 LA with a working volume of 6.4 liters, which are equipped with TUCANO 320 combines, at a nominal crankshaft speed of 2200 rpm. develop a power of 204 hp.
TUCANO 320 combine harvesters have a continuously variable hydraulic transmission that works without a clutch and is controlled using a joystick. An additional option of TUCANO is four-wheel drive. With a simple push of a button, you can turn on the increased power, which allows you to move at the selected speed, even in difficult conditions.
The CLAAS TUCANO 320 stepless hydraulic transmission is controlled using a joystick (photo from the manufacturer's website www.claas.ua). With a simple push of a button, you can turn on the increased power, which allows you to move at the selected speed, even in difficult conditions.
TUCANO 320 combines have won the hearts of farmers on the secondary market due to their reliability and durability. This is confirmed by the fact that in the secondary market of grain harvesters in Western Europe, CLAAS occupies the first place. Every third harvester sold in Europe and almost every second one in Germany bears the CLAAS brand.
DEUTZ-FAHR
The well-known company DEUTZ-FAHR offers 5690 combine harvesters on the Ukrainian market of used equipment - combines of small dimensions and power. First of all, these are reliable machines that are in demand among owners of small and medium-sized farms, as well as enterprises that provide machinery for rent. They are equipped with 6-cylinder Deutz ВF 6М 1013 engines with a working volume of 7,146 liters with water cooling and an electronic fuel injection system, which develop a nominal power of 224 hp.
DEUTZ-FAHR 5690 combine harvester in good condition on the sales floor (photo from the autopoisk24.net website)
New high-performance headers with a working width of 3.6 to 7.2 m allow you to choose the appropriate tool for various working conditions. The universal cutting mechanism of harvesters is used for harvesting various crops (cereals, peas, rapeseed, soybeans, etc.). It provides high quality cutting in the most difficult conditions. To change the cutting height, an electric indicator is provided, with the help of which the header is raised or lowered to the required height.
All headers are equipped with a planetary drive with a high cutting frequency (1220 cuts per minute), as well as a mechanism capable of performing paired (tandem) cutting. The harvesters are equipped with a system of automatic adaptation of the frequency of rotation of the reel in relation to the speed of the combine.
A threshing drum with 8 bales with a diameter of 600 mm and a width of 1520 mm is installed on the combine. The drum has an area of 0.95 m². The threshing drum drive is designed for heavy loads. To ensure the optimal quality of threshing, the necessary speed of rotation of the threshing drum is set for each of the crops. The variator of the drum with electrical adjustment allows you to change the frequency of its revolutions in the range of 420 - 1250 rpm with the help of a button.
The system of cleaning and separating the threshed bread mass works efficiently. The straw shaker of the combine consists of five keys, each of which has 4 cascades. The total area of the straw shaker is 5.60 m². The grating stage with a screen has a separation area of 5.28 m². The capacity of the grain hopper is 5,200 liters.
The 5690 combine harvesters are equipped with a hydrostatic transmission with a 4-speed gearbox, which provides a forward range in the range of 0 - 30 km/h, and a reverse range in the range of 0 - 14 km/h.
The DEUTZ-FAHR 5690 combine has gained attention farmers thanks to a relatively low price and a unique leveling system that allows you to work efficiently and productively with maximum efficiency on various slopes. This system allows you to effectively compensate for side slopes of up to 25%, uphill slopes of up to 30%, downhill slopes of up to 10%.
New Holland Agriculture
CompanyNew Holland Agriculture on the secondary market of combine harvesters presents TS 56 combine harvesters, which have a classic drum grain threshing scheme, and which are characterized as one of the best in their classes..
TC 56 combines are equipped with six-cylinder NEF 6.8 Common Rail diesel engines with turbocharging, which have a high torque. The power of the engines is 240 hp, which ensures reliable operation in the most severe conditions.
Ось в в такому стані на площадках можна придбати New Holland ТС 56 (комбайн 2001 року випуску з відпрацьованими 4197 мотогодинами, фото з сайту www.mascus.ua)
Похила камера має плаваючий планчастий транспортер. Він змінює своє положення в залежності від об’єму хлібної маси. Конструкція транспортера забезпечує рівномірну подачу хлібної маси, запобігаючи забивання та вихід з ладу транспортера.
The design of the threshing apparatus of TS 56 combines provides high dynamic loads, and its components ensure excellent threshing and separation of the grain pile. An additional rotary separator is built into the design of the threshing machine. The bread mass, threshed by a threshing drum, which separates 90-92% of the grain from the straw, is fed by a beater to a rotary separator, which additionally separates 3-4% of the grain. In this way, less than 5% of the grain in the straw falls on the straw shaker. In this way, minimal losses of grain are achieved.
The threshing drum of TS 56 combines has a diameter of 606 mm, a width of 1300 mm and is equipped with 8 blades. Due to its strong construction, it has a high inertial mass, which allows to level the peak loads. For the convenience of combiner operation when choosing optimal threshing modes, adjustment of the frequency of revolutions of the threshing drum and the gap between it and the drum is done remotely from the combine cabin. A reduced speed mode is provided for threshing crops whose grain is easily injured.
The original solution of the TS 56 combines is a cleaning system that is able to self-level when working on slopes up to 23°. With the help of a special automatic system, when the harvesters work on slopes, the separate plates of the shaking board are moved and the sections of the upper sieve are leveled.
The grain hopper is placed between the cabin and the engine. This achieves an ideal, load-independent weight distribution. The capacity of the hopper is 5200 liters, and the unloading speed is 72 l/s.
TC 56 combines won the favor of farmers due to their small size and simple design. Behind this are such characteristics as high reliability, productivity and economy, and versatility makes it possible to successfully work on the collection of various crops.
Versatile
Recently, in the secondary market of Ukraine, the Vector 410 combine harvesters manufactured by the company Versatile (Russia) have been in demand among farmers.
Vector 410 combines are equipped with 6-cylinder diesel engines YaMZ-236 ND, which develop a power of 220 hp. Operating fuel consumption is 1.8-2.5 kg per ton of threshed grain. An economical engine with a 540-liter fuel tank allows you to work for 16 hours without refueling.
In the basic configuration, the combine harvesters are equipped withPower Stream harvesters of the Power Stream series with a working width of 6 or 7 m. The use of such harvesters contributes to the reduction of grain losses due to spillage and ensures a uniform supply of bread mass to the threshing machine regardless of working conditions. All harvesters are equipped with a simple and reliable hydromechanical device for copying the surface relief Level Glide.
Vector 410 combine harvester with a 7-meter Power Stream series harvester in operation (photo from the website versatile.ua)
The hydraulic drive of the reel allows you to continuously adjust its rotation speed, ensuring optimal and uniform mass supply. The long fingers of the rake and the reel with a special trajectory of movement easily cope with fallen and twisted loaves. The hydraulic reverser of the working bodies of the harvester and the inclined chamber, which is activated from the cabin, makes it possible to quickly clean the harvesting part when it is clogged with an excessive amount of bread mass or when foreign objects hit it.
The width of the thresher is 1200 mm. Its main feature is the original threshing drum with a large diameter (800 mm), which, thanks to its great inertia, easily copes with wet and weed-covered bread mass. The large diameter of the threshing drum and the 130° girth angle of the threshing drum allow for a sufficiently large separation area (1.10 m2) and the most favorable threshing mode - smooth and long. This achieves almost complete (95%) separation with minimal grain damage. The drum rotation frequency range is 400 - 1045 rpm. The speed of rotation of the threshing drum is adjusted using a variator.
The drive of the threshing drum is designed for maximum dynamic load, and has a device for automatic tensioning of the belt when the load increases and the drum. This gives a noticeable increase in the productivity of the harvester.
Separation of the grain-straw mass takes place on a 4-key straw shaker with an area of 5.0 m.2. Grain and small straw particles pass through the shutters of the straw shaker for further cleaning, and longer stalks of straw are transported to the exit of the thresher. Grain cleaning takes place on sieves, the area of which is 3.59 m.2.
Depending on the further use, the straw can be placed in a windrow or crushed and scattered on the field. For this purpose, the design of the harvester provides 64 wear-resistant knives.
The advantages of Vector 410 combine harvesters are their low cost, fairly large grain separation area, well-thought-out geometry of threshing, simplicity of design and availability of spare parts.
In conclusion
When choosing a used combine harvester, it is important for a farmer to find the optimal ratio between the cost of the machine and its technical condition, which will determine the residual resource. And it is also important to get the support of the dealer regarding the maintenance of the combine so that it is always in proper technical condition, as well as the supply (if necessary) of spare parts and consumables.